Zalingei Locality, located in Central Darfur State- Sudan, maintains great plant diversity. However, little attention has been paid to plant diversity studies. This study aimed to document the diversity of the woody plant species; and to determine their importance as a natural resource to the locals. Here, a checklist of the trees and shrubs had been obtained through intensive field investigations. Standard collection and identification methods were used. Voucher specimens were deposited in Alneelain and Zalingei Universities and Forestry Research Center herbaria. This work covers 76 trees and shrubs from which 7 species are exotic. The results also revealed that all recorded woody plants had significant, impacts on people’s livelihood strategies. They have various contributions from cash income to multiple other uses such as fodder, traditional medical uses, construction material, fuel wood, fruits, food, shelter, industrial and recreation